Computer Network Topology

                                                   Computer Network Topology

 
Types of Network Topology :

1. Bus topology
2. Topology Ring / ring
3. Topology Star / Star
4. Tree topology
5. Mesh topology

 1. Bus topology

Bus topology provides a single channel for all communication devices so that each device had to take turns using the channel. In other words, there are only two devices can communicate in a while. Which means, only one computer can transmit data to the network until received by the destination computer. Therefore, the number of computers greatly affect network performance. The more the number of computers, the more computers waiting to be able to send data. In effect, the network performance will be slow. The signal sent by a computer to be sent to the entire network from one end to the other end. This signal will continue to move without stopping (in-interrupt). This means that if the signal had reached the end of the network, then he will turn around, so it will prevent other computers to be able to send data. Remember, that data can be transmitted, the bus must be free of network signals. To fix this, need a device called a terminator. Terminator placed at the ends of the cable that connects the computers. Terminator will stop signal turns and absorbs the signal, thus cleansing the cable free of free signals so that other computers can send data.

 
  excess :
• Save cables
• Layout simple cable
• Easy to develop
shortage :
• detection and fault isolation is very small
• Traffic density
• If one client is broken, then the network can not function.
• Required repeater for long distance

 

 2. Token Ring Topology

  Token-ring method (more commonly referred to ring it) is a way to connect computers so shaped ring (circle). Each node has the same degree. Networking is also referred to as the loop because the data is sent to each node and any information received will be checked whether the data address for him or not.

 profit :
• Save Cables
loss :
• Be sensitive to errors
• Development of a network of more rigid

 

3. Topology Star (Star)

 
In this topology there is centralized control called hub or switch. Hubs and switches will forward data sent to a computer so that the computer in question. Therefore, hubs and switches in a computer network often called concentrators.

Pros :
• Most flexible
• Installation / changing station is very easy and does not interfere with other parts of the network
• Centralized Control
• Ease of detection and fault isolation / damage
• ease of network management
Disadvantages :
• Boros cable
• Need special handling
• Centralized control (HUB) so critical element

 

 4. Topology Tree (Tree)

is a combination of characteristics between star topology and bus topology. This topology consists of a collection of star topology are connected in a bus topology as the backbone. Computers connected to the hub, while the other hub connecting the spine or backbone path. 

Pros :
• Can the formation of a group that is required at all times. For example, companies can form a group consisting of terminal bookkeeping, as well as the other groups formed for the sales terminal.
Disadvantages :
• If the node is higher then not working, then other groups that are below it eventually becomes ineffective. The workings of a tree network is relatively slow.

 

5. Mesh topology

  is a topology that was designed to have a level of restoration with various alternative routes or tracking are usually prepared with the support of software or software.

Pros :
• Relationship dedicated links to ensure the data is sent directly to the destination computer without having to go through other computers so that they can more quickly because of the link is used exclusively for communicating with the destination computer only (not used beramai-ramai/sharing).
• Have a Robust properties, ie the event of disruption in the connection of computer A with computer B because of damage to the cable connections (links) between A and B, then the interference will not affect A computer connection with other computers.
• Privacy and security in mesh topology more secure, because the communication that occurs between the two computers will not be accessible by other computers.
• Facilitate the identification of problems in the event of damage to connections between computers.
Disadvantages :
• Requires a lot of cable and port I / O. more and more computers in the mesh topology is needed more and more cable links and port I / O (see calculation formula needs wiring and Port).
• It is at once also indicate that the topology of this type * Because each computer must be connected directly to another computer then the installation and configuration becomes more difficult.
• The number of wires used also suggests a possible need for space in the room where the computers are located.